Kyushu Space Explains the Advantages of Soil Testing and Formula Fertilization

According to the soil testing formula and fertilization specifications formulated by the Ministry of Agriculture, soil testing and formula fertilization is based on fertilizer field trials and soil testing. Based on the rationality of crop fertility, soil fertility and fertilizer effects, based on the rational application of organic fertilizers, The variety, quantity, application period and application method of fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and medium and trace elements.

Soil testing and formula fertilization is an important measure to promote grain yield increase, agricultural efficiency increase and farmers' income increase at the present stage. It is an effective way to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products. It is also an urgent requirement for developing a circular economy and building a conservation-oriented society. Total grip and propeller. What are the benefits of soil testing and formula fertilization compared to traditional fertilization methods?

First, reduce production costs

At present, the proportion of fertilizers in the direct material cost of grain and oil crop production in our county is as high as 50% or more, about 6 percentage points higher than the national level, which directly affects the competitiveness of agricultural products market and the comparative benefits of agricultural production. According to estimates, the average yield per mu of rice in our county is about 400 kilograms. The farmers in the main producing areas of rice are generally used to apply fertilizers with a nitrogen (purity) of 20 to 22 kilograms per acre, and some of them are as high as 25 kilograms or more. According to the statistics of the relevant departments, under the current production level, the soil testing formula fertilization only needs 16-18 kg of pure nitrogen, the high-strength soil only needs about 14 kg, and the average can save 4-5 kg ​​of pure nitrogen per mu, according to the current price. Calculate, at least about 20 yuan per mu.

Second, increase crop yield

The results of soil fertility monitoring showed that the contribution rate of fertilizer application to grain yield was 57.8%. According to the experimental statistics of various places in recent years, soil testing and formula fertilization is carried out. The yield increase of various crops is generally 8-15%, and the high is more than 20%. The average yield per grain is 25-50 kg, peanuts and rapeseed 15-30. The effect of increasing the yield of kilograms, fruits and vegetables is more obvious.

Third, improve fertilizer utilization

In some places in our county, farmers are not properly fertilized. Excessive, spreading or surface nitrogen fertilizer can be seen everywhere. The utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is less than 40% on average, while that in developed countries is generally 50-60%. Through the implementation of soil testing and formula fertilization, the fertilizer application structure is optimized, and the application of organic fertilizer to reduce unreasonable fertilizer application can increase the fertilizer utilization rate by 3 to 5 percentage points.

Fourth, reduce fertilizer pollution

The phenomenon of heavy fertilizer and light organic fertilizer in our county is very prominent. The accumulation of traditional organic fertilizers has shown a shrinking trend. The ratio of organic fertilizer to chemical fertilizer is only 2:8. In some areas, except for a small amount of straw returned to the field, it is basically not applied. Organic fertilizer, while excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer not only causes agricultural non-point source pollution, but also causes a large amount of nutrients to be volatilized, infiltrated into the river or into rivers, enriching the enrichment and eutrophication of water bodies, and the ecological environment is deteriorating. Practice has proved that the implementation of soil testing and formula fertilization for three to five years, soil physical and chemical properties are significantly improved, soil water conservation and fertilizer capacity can be significantly enhanced, fertilizer utilization will continue to improve, and the agricultural ecological environment will be significantly improved.

Fifth, improve the quality of agricultural products

The overall quality of agricultural products in our county is not high, and it has a great relationship with improper fertilization. Unbalanced crop nutrients not only lead to the aggravation of crop diseases, but also affect the quality and safety of agricultural products, directly or indirectly affecting the appearance quality, nutritional quality, storage quality and sanitary quality of agricultural products. The implementation of soil testing and formula fertilization can coordinate the balance of crop reproductive growth and vegetative growth, promote the formation of nutritional quality of agricultural products, enhance disease resistance and stress resistance, reduce crop diseases, reduce the use of pesticides, and improve and improve the quality of agricultural products.