According to the physicist organization network reported on February 17, one of the most powerful laws of science is that when the oxygen content in the atmosphere rises to near modern levels on Earth, complex life can evolve. Scientists from the University of Southern Denmark and the California Institute of Technology have challenged this theory. They have discovered through a study of a common small sponge captured in the Aarhus Fjord, Denmark that this species resembling the earliest animal lives and even grows. Medium does not require high levels of oxygen. The origin and evolution of life may have a new understanding. The results of this study were published in the latest issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The origin of complex life is one of the biggest mysteries of science. How did the first small primitive cells evolve into the diversity of advanced life forms that exist on Earth today? The explanation in all textbooks is because of oxygen: the evolution of complex life is due to the atmosphere from 630 million years to 635 million years ago The oxygen level starts to rise.
However, new research on a common sponge ball in the Aarhus fjord in Denmark shows that this explanation needs to be reconsidered. Studies have shown that animals can live and even grow under very limited oxygen supply. Dr. Daniel Mills of the Nordic Center for Earth Evolution at the University of Southern Denmark said: "Research shows that when the oxygen content in the atmosphere is only 0.5% of the current atmosphere, animals can still live and grow. Low oxygen content does not prevent the origin of animals."
Billions of years ago, life consisted of simple single-cell life forms. The appearance of animals happens to be when the atmospheric oxygen rises significantly, so it seems to show that these two events are related, and concludes that the increase in oxygen content led to the evolution of animals. Mills said: "At least not as far as I know, because no one has tested how much oxygen an animal needs, so we decided to explore this further."
Sponges are most similar to primitive animals on the earth. The Aarhus Fjord crumb soft sponge used in this study is not far from the University of Southern Denmark Marine Biology Research Center, Mills said: "When we put the sponge in the experimental device Even if the oxygen content is only 0.5% of the concentration in the current atmosphere, they continue to breathe and grow. This is lower than the basic level of oxygen we think we need to maintain animals. "
The biggest question now is: If low levels of oxygen did not prevent the evolution of animals, then what is at work? Why did billions of years ago life contained only primitive single-cell bacteria and amoeba, and later complex life forms What?
Mills said: "There must be other ecological and evolutionary mechanisms at work. Maybe life evolved to keep the form of microorganisms for so long because it took a while to form the biological tissue needed to construct an animal. Maybe ancient The planet lacks animals, and it is difficult to evolve simply because of complex, multicellular bodies. "
Colleagues from its Nordic Center for Earth Evolution have proven that in fact, oxygen levels have risen sharply at least once before the evolution of complex life. Although a large amount of oxygen can be used, it has not led to the development of complex living organisms.
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