Analysis of Color Formation Theory

First, color formation

The formation of the surface color of the object depends on three aspects: the illumination of the light source, the reflection of a certain color light by the object itself, and the influence of the environment and space on the color of the object.

Light source color: The light emitted by various light sources, the length, strength, and proportion of the light wave form a different color light, called the light source color.

Object color: The object color does not emit light. It is the absorption reflection of the light source color through the object, and it reflects the light color feeling in the vision. We call these unlit colors collectively the object color.

Light source color and object color relationship

Light source color Duplex light White light (full-color light) Projected on the object Opaque object Reflection

Colored light Translucent objects

Monochromatic light Transparent object Transmission

Second, the color element

The color of the objective world is ever-changing. Each is different, but any color has the three aspects of hue, lightness, and purity. It is also called the three elements of color. When the colors play a role, in addition to the above three basic conditions, the colors form shades with each other. , And show their own characteristics, therefore, hue, brightness, purity, color and color and other five constitute the elements of color.

The appearance of hue colors is the name that distinguishes the types of colors.

Brightness The degree of lightness or darkness, that is, the shades of color. The difference in brightness refers to the change in shade of the same color, and also refers to the difference in brightness between different hues.

Purity of pure color, also known as saturation or saturation. A pure color plus white or black can reduce its purity, or tend to be soft, or tend to be heavy.

The hue picture is always composed of a variety of colors with a certain internal connection to form a complete unity of the whole, forming the overall tendency of the picture color, called the hue.

Color refers to the tendency of color to cool and warm.

Third, color mixing

There are three forms of color mixing: color light mixing, pigment mixing, and color juxtaposition mixing.

Pigment mixing

Primary color (first color): The basic color cannot be mixed with any other monochrome. Including: Red, Yellow, Blue (The ideal three primary colors of pigments are bright red, lemon yellow, and lake blue).

Inter-color: Obtained by mixing two primary colors (including: orange, green, purple).

Duplex: Combining two colors.

The color juxtaposition is mixed. When we put the red, blue dots or color juxtapositions on the picture after a certain distance, we can see that red and blue become a purple color. However, due to the limitation of space distance and visual physiology, the eyes can't distinguish. The details of small or far-off objects are out of the picture, so a different color is perceived as a new color. This phenomenon is called the color juxtaposition or spatial mixing.
demonstration

Fourth, color contrast

Two or more colors can be compared with each other in terms of space or time, and they can make a significant difference, and produce a comparative effect, which is called color contrast. The imagination is divided into two major categories: simultaneous contrast and continuous contrast.

The contrast ratio is due to the difference between the hue. When the main hue is determined, it is necessary to consider what other colors are related to the main hue and what contents and effects are to be expressed so as to enhance its expressiveness.

Brightness contrasts contrasts due to differences in lightness. (The lemon has a high yellowness, the blue-violet lightness is low, the orange and green are light, and the red and blue are low light).

When comparing a color with another, more vivid color, it feels less distinct, but when compared with a color that is not vivid, it is clear, and the contrast of this color is called purity contrast.
Complementary Color Contrasts colors of complementary colors such as red and green, yellow and purple, blue, and orange, juxtaposing one another, making the color more vivid and purity increasing, known as complementary color contrast. (Visual residual phenomena are obvious).

Contrast between the cold and the warmth The color contrast formed due to the difference between the coldness and warmth of the color sense is called cold and warm contrast. (Red, orange, and yellow make people feel warm; blue, blue-green, and blue-violet make people feel cold; green and purple intersperse with them). In addition, the contrast between color and temperature is also affected by lightness and purity, and white light reflects high and feels Cold, black absorbs high and feels warm.
Fifth, color harmony

Two or more colors are used together to produce a harmonious and harmonious effect, which is called color harmony.

The same hue of the same color, the harmony of different brightness and purity. The method is: to make it gradually progressive, in the brightness, purity changes, the formation of strong and weak, high and low contrast, to make up for the monotonous tone of the same tone.

The similar color harmony is a kind of color similar to the hue, such as the harmony of red, orange, blue and purple, and is called the similar color harmony. The similar color harmony mainly depends on the common color between the similar colors.

The contrasting colors are in harmony with one another in terms of hue or color, such as red and green, yellow and purple, blue and orange. The methods of reconciliation are:
Use a contrasting color to increase or decrease the purity of another contrasting color;

Insert split colors (gold, silver, black, white, gray, etc.) between contrasting colors;

Use different treatment methods for the two sides to achieve harmony in comparison;

Is a similar color relationship between the contrasting colors, but also play a role in reconciliation;