People's recognition of the scenery in nature is always inseparable from the shape and color. Scenery in nature cannot be directly printed and copied, and the shape and color must be recorded on a flat medium such as photosensitive material with the help of conversion conditions to form an analog of color, or recorded in a photoelectric conversion device such as CCD to directly generate a digital quantity of color.
The color analog quantity generated on the flat medium will eventually need to be converted into a digital quantity with the help of a scanner and other equipment before it can be accepted by computer software and used in the printing and copying process. In terms of color reproduction, the copied content is divided into two parts, namely the color component and the neutral gray component.
Decomposing colors in this way mimics how the human eye perceives color. Rod cells feel light and dark, and cone cells feel color. The colors perceived by the outside world to stimulate the human visual system are the combined effects of light and dark colors and the degree of color perception. In the color, the three-dimensional sense is mainly described by the neutral gray component.
The colors displayed by natural scenery are perceived in the color gamut of visible light. When it is copied, due to the limitation of the color gamut of the photosensitive material or the performance of the photoelectric conversion device, the authenticity of the color will suffer. When the digital quantity of color is printed and copied, the color gamut range of the ink printing will make the color space compressed again, and the color separation algorithm will also change the color tone characteristics.
The area of ​​the conventional four-color printing color gamut is less than half of the visible light color gamut. Therefore, compared with the colors in the visible light color gamut, the printing color tends to appear dark, and the compression loss of the color scale is more. The printing color gamut range can be determined in the CIEYxy system or in the CIELab system.
Due to the limitation of ink color and production process, the spectral curve of C, M, Y, K primary color inks used in four-color printing has a large gap with the ideal color spectral curve. The secondary color CM, CY, MY color rendering effect of ink overprinting, especially blue and green, has a larger gap with the ideal color. The existing ink production process greatly improves the performance of the ink, leaving little space. Therefore, the four-color printing gamut is difficult to expand greatly.
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