2, plastic packaging
(1) Research and development of biodegradable foams Through the selection of grades for PS, PE, PP and PET, starch modification, selection of suitable foaming agents and related additives, and development of foaming process technology and foaming equipment Developed and manufactured new types of degradable resin masterbatch based starch-based foam plastics and degradable plastic products. If lactic acid and hydroxy groups are used as base materials, biodegradable plastics that are "fully degraded" (residues do not occur) can be achieved over conventional starch-based types.
From a technical and economic point of view, biodegradation is the first choice among all degradation technologies, while in the alternative EPS polystyrene fast food snack boxes, biodegradable PS foam tableware is the best choice. Plastic resin products enterprises, the production of degradable masterbatch, and in order to further deepen the processing capacity, can produce a large market demand for foam pads, vest shopping bags, agricultural film, will be able to obtain huge economic and social benefits.
(2) Development and application of biaxially oriented polystyrene sheet (BOPS).
BOPS is a kind of easy-to-recycle, non-toxic substance that can replace PVC packaging materials. It is mainly used in food and pharmaceutical packaging. Compared with PVC, BOPS has ten big points:
A. Good strength, stiffness and tear resistance, so that the product can be better protected.
B. Good transparency.
C. Non-toxic, odorless, in line with international food, medical and health standards.
D. Good chemical stability, does not react with acids, alkali salts, etc.
E. Good temperature adaptability, in the range of -35â€c to +90`c, the product can be dimensionally stable.
F. Good surface printability.
G. It does not contain trace amounts of toxic monomers. No toxic substances are emitted during use or even incineration, and 100% of them can be recycled.
H. The permeability to cement is less than PVC.
I. Specific gravity is 30% smaller than PVC, that is, BOPS sheet with the same weight and thickness can be 30% more than PVC sheet.
J. Good processing performance and wide application range.
Since BOPS packaging products have the above-mentioned excellent properties, they have been widely used in developed countries in the United States, Japan, and Europe, and are currently being gradually accepted by people in China. The gradual replacement of PVC by BOPS is a development trend and result.
Food and pharmaceutical packaging has a large demand for BOPS, and it is easy to recycle and has good environmental protection benefits.
(3) Recycle PET resin for food and packaging technology development.
The application of polyester resin in the packaging field is one of the fastest growing areas in the three major areas of polyester resins (fibers, pattern sheets, containers) since the 1980s and will continue to grow. At present, the research on PET recycling has achieved many successful experiences, but there are no successful examples of the domestic method of regenerating the PET raw material as a food packaging.
Recycling of PET resin to PET resin for food packaging is one of the most promising research directions with economic benefits and benefits. The relevant departments are stepping up research.
(4) Water-soluble packaging film production technology
Polyethylene resin obtained by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate has very good water solubility. However, at present, water-soluble PVA is mainly heat-treated in China to increase the degree of crystallinity and produce partial cross-linking, or the surface of the polyvinyl alcohol acetal cross-linked by the treatment of organic substances such as aldehydes, to improve its water resistance, and to obtain water-insoluble film. This kind of film has very good barrier properties and is widely used for packaging foods and the like.
If the PVA resin is directly processed into a water-soluble film without the above-mentioned treatment, such as adding 10-20 % of a plasticizer such as ethylene glycol or glycerin directly to the PVA solution, it is poured into the heating by a cast casting method. On drums or strips, the moisture evaporating black is heat treated and shaped into a film at 120 degrees. This packaging film is more in line with the "green" requirements in terms of raw material production, packaging process and waste disposal.
Water-soluble PVA bags can be used for the packaging of water-soluble pesticides in one dose. The pesticides can be dissolved in water together with the packaging bags, eliminating the harmful operations such as weighing and contact with pesticides. They can also be used for the packaging of hospital-acquired clothing, and the operators during washing. It is not necessary to contact bacteria-contaminated clothing and put it directly into the core. In addition, there may be a one-dose package of detergent.
(5) The recycling of waste polyester (PET) packaging (chemical method) is described in detail above.
(6) Development and application of waste plastics oil technology, as detailed above.
(7) The development and application of high-strength flame-retardant composite wood plastic technology for the production of waste plastics is described in detail above.
(8) Recycling technology of polystyrene foam.
The recycling of polystyrene foams is based on the principle of reverse reduction of polystyrene synthesis and foaming processes. It utilizes the recovery mechanism and crushes, melts, kneads, extrudes and pelletizes the foam residues. The auxiliary agent is completely volatilized to form transparent polystyrene particles and becomes a treasure.
Transparent polystyrene is widely used in recycled materials. In the manufacture of injection molding, extrusion, and calendering products, it can replace the production of new materials that require less stringent or colored products, such as color plates, color bars, and buttons, etc. And office supplies.
Polystyrene foam material recycling machine, recycled polystyrene foam material has significant economic benefits and good social benefits, has been highly valued by society, it will play a greater role in the elimination of white pollution, beautify the environment.
(9) Degradable Polystyrene Expanded Foam Containers Composting and Soilless Culture Matrixes The polystyrene (PS) foaming food containers are well known for their comprehensive properties and convenience of life, but their application It is not easy to be degraded by the environment, causing pollution to the landscape and the environment. This technology is a supporting technology for the decontamination of degradable plastic lunch boxes, and the recycling of discarded snack boxes with large amounts is processed through shredding and detoxification, mixing with other soils and mixing with other substrates to carry out soilless live-soil cultivation. Managing the environmental pollution caused by PS boxes and returning to nature is of great significance.
A. Development of PS Foam Container Waste Shredding Equipment.
B. Composting and shredding (25mm) Harmless pretreatment.
C. Soilless or semi-substrate cultivation studies.
(10) Produce coated fertilizer with waste plastic
Using waste packaging plastics (including PE, PP, PVC and PS) and filling blends (including various urban and rural wastes such as activated carbon waste, crushed animal and plant wastes, weathered coal, humic acid and other powders) to form a fertilizer coating It is coated on the surface of fertilizer particles to form a special structure. The whole process of liberating fertilizer, smashing, and degrading does not hinder tillage. On the contrary, it also increases the permeability and water permeability of the soil.
The “International Forum on the Sustainable Development and Degradable Plastics Industry Development in 2002†was held in Tsinghua Unisplendour International, held by the UNIDO International Research Center for Science and High Technology (ICSUNIDO), the China Plastics Association Degradable Plastics Special Committee, and Tsinghua University. The exchange center was held. Through discussion and exchange, the forum has obtained the following consensus:
The rapid development of EDP research, production and application in China has also been very shocking. The UN officials and foreign experts and colleagues are very shocked. At present, China's EDP research, production and application are at the international advanced level.
The significance of EDP's research and development is not only to protect the global environment, but also to reduce pollution, link conflicts, and develop medical biopolymer materials for the benefit of mankind. It also saves resources and supplements the limited and increasingly non-renewable petroleum. The resources also have a very important significance, so it is in line with the development of the world's attention and sustainable development.
There is no internationally recognized definition and classification of EDP in the world at present, so the understanding is relatively confusing, and it has caused some misunderstandings, especially the starch-added degradable plastics that are widely promoted to the market in our country and the high-starch-content degradable plastics. Some biodegradable functions may also have partial oxidation functions. How to define and classify human studies should be organized in order to facilitate the use of appropriate detection methods, evaluation of their degradation properties, and orderly marketing to the market.
The composting of organic waste has become a very important direction in the world of waste disposal and recycling. Developed countries such as Europe, the United States and Japan have already issued test methods and certification marks for biodegradable composting. China should also organize human labor to conduct laboratory simulation experiments on high-starch content biodegradable plastics products developed in China, and actively cooperate with the sanitation department and the agricultural sector. Field composting tests were conducted to obtain credible data to identify the feasibility of composting to facilitate marketing.
Starting from the national conditions, various types of degradable plastics developed and marketed in China have their own positioning according to different degradation mechanisms and environmental conditions, and they have played a role in reducing environmental pollution, alleviating environmental conflicts, and supplementing alternative resources. However, in terms of process formulation, degradation controllability, and rapid degradability, it needs to be further improved and improved. From the perspective of sustainable development, biodegradable plastics are the main development direction in the future, and the main problem at present is the high price. To become barriers to promotion and application, research and application development should be strengthened to further reduce costs.
The plastic waste that has no contradiction between recycling and recycling, and is easy to recycle, and has better economic benefits, should increase the intensity of recycling, reuse, and recycling. It should not be collected or collected or even forced to collect, recycled, and recycled. Micro and disposable plastic waste, developed and recommended using EDP, are considered wise choices. Current recycling and degradation have become an important global measure to reduce the environmental impact of plastic waste. The two are complementing each other and jointly contribute to the management of the negative impact of plastic waste on the environment and promote the coordinated development of the plastics industry and the environment.
Protecting the global environment and taking the road of sustainable development are global hotspots and urgent tasks. In order to promote the development and use of EDP, we should actively report and reflect problems to relevant department leaders, strive for support and support, and strengthen domestic and international exchanges and cooperation. Promote the healthy and smooth development of degradable plastics in China.
(to be continued)
(1) Research and development of biodegradable foams Through the selection of grades for PS, PE, PP and PET, starch modification, selection of suitable foaming agents and related additives, and development of foaming process technology and foaming equipment Developed and manufactured new types of degradable resin masterbatch based starch-based foam plastics and degradable plastic products. If lactic acid and hydroxy groups are used as base materials, biodegradable plastics that are "fully degraded" (residues do not occur) can be achieved over conventional starch-based types.
From a technical and economic point of view, biodegradation is the first choice among all degradation technologies, while in the alternative EPS polystyrene fast food snack boxes, biodegradable PS foam tableware is the best choice. Plastic resin products enterprises, the production of degradable masterbatch, and in order to further deepen the processing capacity, can produce a large market demand for foam pads, vest shopping bags, agricultural film, will be able to obtain huge economic and social benefits.
(2) Development and application of biaxially oriented polystyrene sheet (BOPS).
BOPS is a kind of easy-to-recycle, non-toxic substance that can replace PVC packaging materials. It is mainly used in food and pharmaceutical packaging. Compared with PVC, BOPS has ten big points:
A. Good strength, stiffness and tear resistance, so that the product can be better protected.
B. Good transparency.
C. Non-toxic, odorless, in line with international food, medical and health standards.
D. Good chemical stability, does not react with acids, alkali salts, etc.
E. Good temperature adaptability, in the range of -35â€c to +90`c, the product can be dimensionally stable.
F. Good surface printability.
G. It does not contain trace amounts of toxic monomers. No toxic substances are emitted during use or even incineration, and 100% of them can be recycled.
H. The permeability to cement is less than PVC.
I. Specific gravity is 30% smaller than PVC, that is, BOPS sheet with the same weight and thickness can be 30% more than PVC sheet.
J. Good processing performance and wide application range.
Since BOPS packaging products have the above-mentioned excellent properties, they have been widely used in developed countries in the United States, Japan, and Europe, and are currently being gradually accepted by people in China. The gradual replacement of PVC by BOPS is a development trend and result.
Food and pharmaceutical packaging has a large demand for BOPS, and it is easy to recycle and has good environmental protection benefits.
(3) Recycle PET resin for food and packaging technology development.
The application of polyester resin in the packaging field is one of the fastest growing areas in the three major areas of polyester resins (fibers, pattern sheets, containers) since the 1980s and will continue to grow. At present, the research on PET recycling has achieved many successful experiences, but there are no successful examples of the domestic method of regenerating the PET raw material as a food packaging.
Recycling of PET resin to PET resin for food packaging is one of the most promising research directions with economic benefits and benefits. The relevant departments are stepping up research.
(4) Water-soluble packaging film production technology
Polyethylene resin obtained by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate has very good water solubility. However, at present, water-soluble PVA is mainly heat-treated in China to increase the degree of crystallinity and produce partial cross-linking, or the surface of the polyvinyl alcohol acetal cross-linked by the treatment of organic substances such as aldehydes, to improve its water resistance, and to obtain water-insoluble film. This kind of film has very good barrier properties and is widely used for packaging foods and the like.
If the PVA resin is directly processed into a water-soluble film without the above-mentioned treatment, such as adding 10-20 % of a plasticizer such as ethylene glycol or glycerin directly to the PVA solution, it is poured into the heating by a cast casting method. On drums or strips, the moisture evaporating black is heat treated and shaped into a film at 120 degrees. This packaging film is more in line with the "green" requirements in terms of raw material production, packaging process and waste disposal.
Water-soluble PVA bags can be used for the packaging of water-soluble pesticides in one dose. The pesticides can be dissolved in water together with the packaging bags, eliminating the harmful operations such as weighing and contact with pesticides. They can also be used for the packaging of hospital-acquired clothing, and the operators during washing. It is not necessary to contact bacteria-contaminated clothing and put it directly into the core. In addition, there may be a one-dose package of detergent.
(5) The recycling of waste polyester (PET) packaging (chemical method) is described in detail above.
(6) Development and application of waste plastics oil technology, as detailed above.
(7) The development and application of high-strength flame-retardant composite wood plastic technology for the production of waste plastics is described in detail above.
(8) Recycling technology of polystyrene foam.
The recycling of polystyrene foams is based on the principle of reverse reduction of polystyrene synthesis and foaming processes. It utilizes the recovery mechanism and crushes, melts, kneads, extrudes and pelletizes the foam residues. The auxiliary agent is completely volatilized to form transparent polystyrene particles and becomes a treasure.
Transparent polystyrene is widely used in recycled materials. In the manufacture of injection molding, extrusion, and calendering products, it can replace the production of new materials that require less stringent or colored products, such as color plates, color bars, and buttons, etc. And office supplies.
Polystyrene foam material recycling machine, recycled polystyrene foam material has significant economic benefits and good social benefits, has been highly valued by society, it will play a greater role in the elimination of white pollution, beautify the environment.
(9) Degradable Polystyrene Expanded Foam Containers Composting and Soilless Culture Matrixes The polystyrene (PS) foaming food containers are well known for their comprehensive properties and convenience of life, but their application It is not easy to be degraded by the environment, causing pollution to the landscape and the environment. This technology is a supporting technology for the decontamination of degradable plastic lunch boxes, and the recycling of discarded snack boxes with large amounts is processed through shredding and detoxification, mixing with other soils and mixing with other substrates to carry out soilless live-soil cultivation. Managing the environmental pollution caused by PS boxes and returning to nature is of great significance.
A. Development of PS Foam Container Waste Shredding Equipment.
B. Composting and shredding (25mm) Harmless pretreatment.
C. Soilless or semi-substrate cultivation studies.
(10) Produce coated fertilizer with waste plastic
Using waste packaging plastics (including PE, PP, PVC and PS) and filling blends (including various urban and rural wastes such as activated carbon waste, crushed animal and plant wastes, weathered coal, humic acid and other powders) to form a fertilizer coating It is coated on the surface of fertilizer particles to form a special structure. The whole process of liberating fertilizer, smashing, and degrading does not hinder tillage. On the contrary, it also increases the permeability and water permeability of the soil.
The “International Forum on the Sustainable Development and Degradable Plastics Industry Development in 2002†was held in Tsinghua Unisplendour International, held by the UNIDO International Research Center for Science and High Technology (ICSUNIDO), the China Plastics Association Degradable Plastics Special Committee, and Tsinghua University. The exchange center was held. Through discussion and exchange, the forum has obtained the following consensus:
The rapid development of EDP research, production and application in China has also been very shocking. The UN officials and foreign experts and colleagues are very shocked. At present, China's EDP research, production and application are at the international advanced level.
The significance of EDP's research and development is not only to protect the global environment, but also to reduce pollution, link conflicts, and develop medical biopolymer materials for the benefit of mankind. It also saves resources and supplements the limited and increasingly non-renewable petroleum. The resources also have a very important significance, so it is in line with the development of the world's attention and sustainable development.
There is no internationally recognized definition and classification of EDP in the world at present, so the understanding is relatively confusing, and it has caused some misunderstandings, especially the starch-added degradable plastics that are widely promoted to the market in our country and the high-starch-content degradable plastics. Some biodegradable functions may also have partial oxidation functions. How to define and classify human studies should be organized in order to facilitate the use of appropriate detection methods, evaluation of their degradation properties, and orderly marketing to the market.
The composting of organic waste has become a very important direction in the world of waste disposal and recycling. Developed countries such as Europe, the United States and Japan have already issued test methods and certification marks for biodegradable composting. China should also organize human labor to conduct laboratory simulation experiments on high-starch content biodegradable plastics products developed in China, and actively cooperate with the sanitation department and the agricultural sector. Field composting tests were conducted to obtain credible data to identify the feasibility of composting to facilitate marketing.
Starting from the national conditions, various types of degradable plastics developed and marketed in China have their own positioning according to different degradation mechanisms and environmental conditions, and they have played a role in reducing environmental pollution, alleviating environmental conflicts, and supplementing alternative resources. However, in terms of process formulation, degradation controllability, and rapid degradability, it needs to be further improved and improved. From the perspective of sustainable development, biodegradable plastics are the main development direction in the future, and the main problem at present is the high price. To become barriers to promotion and application, research and application development should be strengthened to further reduce costs.
The plastic waste that has no contradiction between recycling and recycling, and is easy to recycle, and has better economic benefits, should increase the intensity of recycling, reuse, and recycling. It should not be collected or collected or even forced to collect, recycled, and recycled. Micro and disposable plastic waste, developed and recommended using EDP, are considered wise choices. Current recycling and degradation have become an important global measure to reduce the environmental impact of plastic waste. The two are complementing each other and jointly contribute to the management of the negative impact of plastic waste on the environment and promote the coordinated development of the plastics industry and the environment.
Protecting the global environment and taking the road of sustainable development are global hotspots and urgent tasks. In order to promote the development and use of EDP, we should actively report and reflect problems to relevant department leaders, strive for support and support, and strengthen domestic and international exchanges and cooperation. Promote the healthy and smooth development of degradable plastics in China.
(to be continued)
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